Introduction

Artificial grass is an increasingly popular choice for homeowners seeking a low-maintenance, green lawn all year round. Whether you’re looking to upgrade your backyard, improve a commercial landscape, or create a play area, understanding what goes under artificial grass is essential for a successful installation. This guide explores the key components that form the foundation of artificial turf, ensuring it remains durable, effective, and visually appealing.

Base Layer

Clearing and Excavation

The first step in preparing for artificial grass installation is clearing the area of any existing vegetation, rocks, or debris. This step ensures a clean slate for the base layers​​. Digging out about 3-4 inches of soil will provide enough depth for the sub-base materials, which are crucial for stability and drainage​.

Aggregate Base

One of the most common materials used for the base of artificial grass is an aggregate base, which typically consists of crushed stone, gravel, or rock. This layer serves multiple purposes: it provides a stable foundation, facilitates drainage, and prevents weed growth. Decomposed granite is another popular choice due to its durability and excellent drainage properties​​.

Concrete Base

In some installations, especially in high-traffic areas, a concrete base might be used. While it offers exceptional stability, it’s important to ensure proper grading and incorporate expansion joints to prevent cracking and water pooling​. However, this option is less common for residential lawns due to its rigidity and cost.

Geotextile Membrane

After the aggregate base is laid and compacted, a geotextile membrane is placed over it. This fabric layer is crucial for preventing weed growth and enhancing drainage​​. It is porous, allowing water to pass through while blocking light to stop weeds from sprouting. Secure the membrane with staples or adhesive tape, ensuring it covers the entire area without gaps.

Sand and Infill

Sand Layer

A layer of sand is often spread over the compacted base to create a smooth and level surface for the artificial grass​​. This sand layer not only aids in proper drainage but also helps maintain the evenness of the artificial turf. It’s essential to distribute the sand evenly and compact it thoroughly to avoid any future unevenness.

Infill Materials

Infill is applied on top of the artificial grass after it has been laid out. The most common infill materials are silica sand, coated sand, and crumb rubber​​. Each type of infill has its advantages:

• Silica Sand: This is the most affordable and widely used infill. It stabilizes the turf, prevents it from wrinkling, and helps the grass blades stand upright. However, it can trap odors and be difficult to clean.
• Coated Sand: Coated with a synthetic polymer, this infill is more expensive but offers better stability, is easier to clean, and doesn’t trap odors as much as silica sand.
• Crumb Rubber: Made from recycled tires, crumb rubber is soft and durable, making it ideal for sports fields and play areas. It provides excellent cushioning but can get hot under direct sunlight.

Shock Pads and Foam Padding

For additional cushioning, especially in play areas or sports fields, shock pads or foam padding can be installed under the artificial grass. These materials absorb impact, reduce the risk of injuries, and enhance comfort​​. They are particularly beneficial in areas where falls or high-impact activities are common.

Edge Restraints

Installing edge restraints around the perimeter of the artificial grass area is vital for keeping the turf in place. These can be made from treated timber, concrete curbing, or metal edging​ ​. Properly secured edge restraints prevent the artificial grass from shifting and give the installation a neat, finished look.

Environmental Considerations

While artificial grass reduces water usage and eliminates the need for pesticides, it is made from non-biodegradable materials, which can pose disposal challenges​

Additionally, it’s important to consider the environmental impact and potential heat retention issues associated with certain infill materials.

Conclusion

Understanding what goes under artificial grass is essential for creating a beautiful, durable, and functional synthetic lawn. By carefully selecting and installing the right base materials, geotextile membrane, infill, and edge restraints, you can ensure your artificial grass remains in top condition for years to come.

If you’re ready to transform your outdoor space with artificial grass, contact Ben Turf today to learn more about our comprehensive installation services and high-quality materials.